国立アメリカ歴史博物館のインスタグラム(amhistorymuseum) - 6月20日 03時30分

On June 19, 1865, the U.S. Army arrived in Texas and issued General Orders, Number 3, proclaiming that all enslaved people in the state were free. The day came to be celebrated as Juneteenth.
The Emancipation Proclamation legally ended slavery in the states in rebellion in 1863, but wasn’t implemented in places under rebel control. Some enslavers had fled to Texas, forcing enslaved people with them, to evade the army and freedom’s reach.
In December 1865, the 13th Amendment abolished slavery, but freedom did not translate to the full promise of citizenship. African Americans continued to fight for liberty and justice. Swipe to learn more.
During Reconstruction, African Americans fought for and gained some of the promises of citizenship, including the right to vote. “Once let the black man get upon his person the brass letters U.S., let him get an eagle on his button, and a musket on his shoulder, and bullets in his pocket, and there is no power on the earth or under the earth that can deny that he has earned the right to citizenship,” wrote Frederick Douglass, highlighting that African American soldiers had fought for the United States, but were not able to vote for its leaders.
The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870, codifying that the right vote could not be denied due to “race, color or previous condition of servitude.” Swipe to view the full lithograph, which celebrates the amendment's ratification. The central panel depicts a celebratory parade, while the surrounding panels show anticipated benefits of the amendment. Swipe to take a closer look.
For a brief period the 15th Amendment worked as intended and African American men made their voices heard as voters and elected officials.
However, by the end of the 1800s, Black voters were kept from the polls through a variety of tactics. Many states passed new laws and Constitutions to keep African Americans from political participation—both by law and by sanctioning violence and intimidation. Restrictions like poll taxes, literacy tests, and whites-only primaries were also used to keep African Americans from the polls.

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